Public:ARHUDFM Features Summary: Difference between revisions

Notes:  

CAGE: 9AMZ2

==Abstract==

Augmented Reality Heald-Up Display Fullface Mask (ARHUDFM) is a complex device that is not easy to understand at a first look, because there are little relevant examples to compare. Therefore, we suggest that you first read the information on the [[Public:ARHUDFM Manifesto]] page at the link above.

For a brief description of the functions of each application, please see the [[Public:Applications]] page.

==Introduction==

But it is not only the combat missions of the ISR that are priorities in the development of the ARHUDFM. This device also has protective, auxiliary, communication and organizational features. In creating the concept, we proceeded from the immediate needs of human systems in the Army and Navy. First of all, for the needs of defense, counter-terrorist operations and security, but also for civilian rescue purposes and improving the effectiveness of medical personnel. This development will be useful to all professionals outside the office. We are creating a unique platform with affordable cost to make these technologies widely usable. Of course, if we're going to do some unique things, or some sophisticated purpose, we're going to do it in partnership, do integration with other technologies, and create interfaces for integration capabilities with our system for other developers.

==Lessons from Ukraine, Middle East and potential fights against China and Russia==

*effect of total reflection, without glowing holographic waveguide

*FOV 105°h and 33°v

*dynamically changing transparency of the screen areas

[[File:Optical coatings.jpg|thumb|Optical scheme using dielectric mirror, refraction and reflection coatings and films]]

**For example: Apple MacBook Pro M1 chip based - 8-core CPU with 4 perform­ance cores and 4 efficiency cores, 8-core GPU, 16-core Neural Engine, 49.9‑watt‑hour lithium‑polymer battery<ref>Apple, [https://support.apple.com/en-kw/111883 MacBook Air (M1, 2020) - Technical Specifications]</ref>, 7-10 hours at medium duty, 3-4 hours at maximum duty;

**For example: Apple MacBook Pro M3 chip based - 8-core CPU with 4 performance cores and 4 efficiency cores, 10-core GPU, 16-core Neural Engine, 66.5-watt‑hour lithium‑polymer battery<ref>Apple, [https://support.apple.com/en-us/118552 MacBook Air (15-inch, M3, 2024) - Technical Specifications]</ref>, 9-12 hours at medium duty, 5-6 hours at maximum duty;

===Situational Awareness (SA)===

*optical and digital zoom up to 24x

*rear view camera (optional)

*HD, HDR, SWIR, LWIR multi sensor cameras

*thermal image vision (LWIR, ambient and object temperature monitoring)

*no-visibility navigation (LiDAR and sensors separately)

*Computer Vision detection, recognition, and location

*Identification Friend or Foe ([[Public:Applications#IFF (IFF control)|IFF]]) - (incl. 360° navigation grid)

*vitals body sensors data (oxygen level, heart rate, body temperature, hydration level sensors data-driven monitoring; also another users data view, incl. health, fitness, fatique, sickness, fall monitor, hazmat exposure)

[[File:UI-example-5.png|frameless|950x950px]]

[[File:ARHUDFM Situational Awareness.jpg|frameless|950x950px]]

[[File:UI-example-7.png|frameless|950x950px]]

*voice call, inaudible from outside (via the mask's ''built-in'' MEMS microphone)

*merging communication channels without PTT button

The main problems: lack of frequencies, congested channels, communication quality, radio interference, lack of line of sight and repeatedly reradiated signal, lack of cross-domain communication without intermediaries one-to-many and many-to-many.

[[File:UI-example-19.png|frameless|950x950px]]

The image quality of the sighting camera (FWS-I for example) is usually not very good (640x480Vox, 1x FOV 18°h 13.5v°, 3x FOV 6°h 4.5°v, monochrome BW display, BW dot), including those using a thermal imaging module, only relevant for close-in cover fire (up to 100 yards) when the mask cameras are not used. In the case of aiming by the view from the sight camera, corrective adjustments must be made to the aiming device itself.

===Respiratory and Facial Protection (RFP)===

[[File:ARHUD-OCP-Tactical-Helmet-L.jpg|frameless|350x350px]][[File:ARHUD-OCP-Tactical-Helmet-F.jpg|frameless|350x350px]]

*The respiratory protection rating is one of the highest. It uses two interchangeable ULPA filters that provide a 99.9995% level of protection against gases, aerosols, dust, bacteria, and viruses. This is a multipurpose type of filter that has an additional filling of treated activated carbon. The filters are IP67 or better protected against moisture.

*The total area of the two filters is oversized so that the breathing resistance is as low as possible, lower than that of counterparts commercially available from leading manufacturers 3M, MCA, Dräger, etc. It is our intention that the wearer will be able to breathe without difficulty even during intense physical exertion.

*In addition, an adapter will be used to attach a compressed air reducer for SCBA (Self Contained Breathing Apparatus) systems instead of the cover of one of the filters. The second cover, when using the SCBA, blocks the access of contaminated air.

*The mask protects the face in the area of the eyes, ears, forehead, and back of the head from shards of glass, wood chips, stones, and sandy debris, which can have high kinetic energy and cause superficial and penetrating wounds to the face and head. Together with the lower part of the respiratory protection module, the face is fully protected. We have reinforced the outer layer of the mask with a 2.8 mm thick aramid fiber (kevlar) composite layer. This significantly reduces the kinetic energy of fragments in flight and at the same time increases the weight of the product insignificantly. The front and side parts of the head are additionally protected. The back of the head is quite well protected by a ballistic helmet.

*The problem of lens fogging, which for a period of tens of seconds to several minutes completely deprives the user of optical situational awareness, is solved as follows. The mask has two visor lenses with an air insulation barrier between them and an elastic seal around the edges that prevents air exchange and air vapor access. When the mask is used together with the lower part, another seal around the face contour prevents air access to the inner lens surface. Together, an inert system of staggered temperature transitions is formed from the face around the eyes to the inner lens and then to the outer lens, separated by two insulated air chambers. When moving from a cooler to a warmer state, there is no condensation on the lens surface because the lens system retains its thermal inertia longer and does not experience a drastic difference. When in the cold, the exhaled warm air is led away through the insulating skirt to the exhaust valve. When in a fog, condensation from the air condenses on the cooler surfaces, but since the lens system is temperature dependent and much more inert than, for example, the lenses of typical eyeglasses, the outer lens is not cooled down sufficiently for a dew point to form on its outer surface. The physical meaning of the counteraction of condensation is always the same. The dew point at the temperature contrast between the body and the outside air must be in the area of the thermal insulating barrier, which itself has water and vapor barrier that prevents the penetration of air vapor.

*Technological openings are provided in the headphone area so that the person does not lose acoustic awareness when using the mask. In the back of the mask, there are technological openings for ventilation of the electronic components with the airflow direction from top to bottom. This provides additional active ventilation of the user's under-helmet space and, on the other hand, directs warm air to the neck area, which also provides comfort in use, especially during the cooler seasons.

===Vitals Body Sensors and First Aid===

*Sensor locations: shoulder, forearm, wrist, thigh, lower leg, neck, abdomen, chest, mask obturator airway. Wireless communication of sensors with the controlling MCU. Sensor cuffs use flexible electronics technology.

[[File:ARHUDFM_ecosystem.png|center|frameless|950x950px]]

{{Main Article|[https://wiki.furtherium.com/wiki/Public:Applications#WGR_(Workgroups) WGR (Workgroups) section],|[[Battlefield Management Systems]],|[[Workgroups]]|||||||}}

==Live-Synthetic Training Environment (L-STE) Integration==

{{Main Article|[[Synthetic Training Environment]]|||||||||}}

==Communication Channels==

===SDR Receiver, RF Scanner and Spectrum Analyser===

*Passive radar A-, B-, C-, D-bands

*Software selectable choice of 3 antenna ports

*Enhanced ability to cope with extremely strong signals

*External clock input for synchronisation purposes, or connection to GPS reference clock for extra frequency accuracy

*Calibrated S meter/ RF power and SNR measurement

*Fast search for active radio frequencies (RF surveying), up to 100 channels per second, including mobile communications, ready-made patterns for precise identification (modulation type, pulse type, power). In group mode, the search tasks are distributed among several users and are not duplicated. Found frequencies are memorized for subsequent periodic scanning. Tasks for scanning previously found frequencies are also distributed among several users. This multiplies the productivity of radio scanning. The scanning tasks are performed automatically in the background and do not require the constant attention of the user. The user can analyze the spectrogram and "waterfall" of frequencies, measure power, control the operation of filters, determine the sources of radio frequency interference (RFI/EMC detection)

*30 MHz to 512 MHz frequency range

*Channel bandwidth: 25 kHz, 250 kHz

*Communication encryption: AES, key length up to 2048 bits

*Multi channel radio system

*Backward compatibility with the RF20 radio system

The system consists of several groups of iconographic symbols. In many ways it resembles the system of road signs, which have a concise form and are perceived instantly, causing an appropriate reaction. Such a system is perceived much faster than a text or voice command. An example of this is the sign language used in special operations units. Also unlike the voice call session is much shorter, does not overload the communication line, small data packet is not demanding on the data rate, the digital data packet with the control notification of receipt always means only 2 states, that the message is received or not. No problem with message illegibility, lack of clarity in the message. No need to tell who is transmitting the message. This method itself is very concise and eliminates unnecessary information, thus relieving the communication channel and the attention of users. This communication system is particularly important for international contingents and during joint exercises.

===Menu===

===Widgets===

There are 2 types of widgets for running applications. One, which does not require dimming the screen area and is clearly visible to the user at any time of day in any weather in any environment. Typically, these widgets provide the user with key information and should not significantly limit the visibility of the surrounding reality. Other widgets, on the contrary, require dimming certain areas  

===Screen fading areas===

===Voice Control===

A voice control module based on one of the Open Source Projects with a large user base. This improves the reliability of the system, as voice control is seen as preferable to other features.

===Hand tracking control and virtual keyboard===

===Joystick and virtual keyboard control===

*drinking system tube, located in a backpack, through the sealed connector on the right side, near the right-hand filter cover

*UHF / VHF external antenna cable from a backpack, via BNC connector in the occipital area

*handheld portable radio through the 4-pin connector on the left earpiece (built-in headset, not required if using built-in UHF / VHF Software Defined Radio)

*air supply tube to pressure reducer in place of filter cover left or right (usually used by firefighters and rescue workers)

We are researching promising options for troop security, such as the use of sensors (detectors) to remotely detect explosive tripwires (booby traps), pressure mines, and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) triggered by proximity. In the future, if successful, we will make such external devices available as an option for attachment via NVG mounts.

*two HD / IR cameras in front and one rear camera enable to record of video and static images for monitoring, analysis, zooming, transmission to other users and also used in Computer Vision services and in stereo camera mode for measurements, besides using infrared illumination emitter the cameras transmit images at night visible in the infrared spectrum (night vision)

*front-facing thermal imaging camera transmits video and static images to the user, showing the temperature of the environment

==Mask Characteristics==

*firefighter's helmet (1.5 kg or 3.3 lbs) + flashlight (200 g or 0.4 lbs) + full-face mask (650 g or 1.4 lbs) + compressed air reducer (300 g or 0.7 lbs) + radio headset (145 g or 0.3 lbs) = 2.8 kg or 6.2 lbs

*Titanium or composite class 2 helmet for special operations forces with visor (2.5-4.5 kg or 5.5-9.9 lbs) and radio headset = 2.7-4.7 kg or 6.0-10.2 lbs

We have high hygienic requirements for the product. The materials do not cause allergic reactions. Water and dust protection class IP67 or higher. The electronic components are sealed in a rugged housing and are actively cooled with an aluminum radiator on the top of the housing and on the inner surface at the front. The mask has interchangeable elements: 2 air filters, 2 filter covers, 1 face contour seal. The mask can be cleaned with water and alcohol sprays on the outside and inside. We do not recommend the use of alcohol-containing products to treat the transparent visor as this may cause clouding.

===Military===

''{{further|[[Public:User Cases]]|||||||||}}

#Army, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, Navy and Air Force operational units<ref>Wikipedia, [[wikipedia:United_States_Army|"United States Army"]]</ref><ref>Wikipedia, [[wikipedia:United_States_Army_Forces_Command|"United States Army Forces Command"]]</ref><ref>Wikipedia, [[wikipedia:List_of_United_States_Marine_Corps_MOS|"List of United States Marine Corps MOS"]]</ref><ref>Wikipedia, [[wikipedia:List_of_United_States_Navy_ratings|"List of United States Navy ratings"]]</ref><ref>Wikipedia, [[wikipedia:List_of_United_States_Coast_Guard_ratings|"List of United States Coast Guard ratings"]]</ref><ref>Wikipedia, [[wikipedia:Air_Force_Specialty_Code|"Air Force Specialty Code"]]</ref>:  

#*SA - extends vision capabilities, avoids friendly fire, enables timely wound detection

#Military personnel of Navy ships combat units - On board naval vessels, AR can allow watchstanders on the bridge to constantly monitor important navigational information as they move around the bridge or perform other tasks. Communication with each member of a combat unit and faster command execution.

#Military personnel of Navy ships technical units - Along with the introduction of the IoT system, sensors and sensors will allow to track in real time. As well as to perform routine tasks in a timely manner. During the operation of the machines and mechanisms will be able to promptly receive instructions from the knowledge base and relevant electronic logbook entries of previous technicians. Large machines are difficult to maintain because they are layered or structured. AR allows people to look through the machine like an X-ray, immediately pointing them to a problem, including with the device's thermal imaging camera.

#Paramedics and doctors of medical service, surgeons - Real-time wound information for troops. Communication with each soldier. Easy navigation and location of each soldier. Operational help system and knowledge base reference information. Remote expert advice (audio, video), video demonstration from the front cameras.

===Civilian services===

#Coast Guard cutter and ship units (ships, cutters, helicopters) - radio direction finding of radio signal sources, computer vision to assist recognition on water surface.

*''FA (Firing Assistance)'' - is an electronic-software system that allows automatically and with the user's assistance to perform sophisticated ballistic calculations as well as corrections based on hit-tracking. It can also be integrated with a digital sight.

*''IFF (Identification Friend or Foe)'' - is a tool within the broader military action of Combat Identification (CID), the characterization of objects detected in the field of combat sufficiently accurately to support operational decisions. The broadest characterization is that of friend, enemy, neutral, or unknown. CID not only can reduce friendly fire incidents, but also contributes to overall tactical decision-making.

*''ISR (Intelligence Surveillance Reconnaissance)'' - Information is collected on the battlefield through systematic observation by deployed soldiers and a variety of electronic sensors. ''Surveillance'', ''target acquisition'' and ''reconnaissance'' are methods of obtaining this information. The information is then passed to intelligence personnel for analysis, and then to the commander and their staff for the formulation of battle plans. Intelligence is processed information that is relevant and contributes to an understanding of the ground, and of enemy dispositions and intents.

*''ISRADRR (Intelligence Surveillance Reconnaissance Airship Drone with Radio Relay)'' - aerostatic unloaded drone operating at 900-5500 m altitude, carrying a payload in the form of equipment for tropospheric communication in VHF/UHF band, transverters for frequency conversion of radio waves, as well as independent radio relay and radar equipment (active and passive radars). The main advantage in cost effectiveness and energy efficiency, long time of continuous operation with maintenance of geostationary position, possibility of quick evasion and complex maneuvering in case of threats, low cost in comparison with any other types of airborne.